You are correct when you say that the only official document a norwegian can use is a passport, A foreigner in norway can also use a foreigner ID card. within europe
The main reason that a driverslicence can't be used as a form of ID is that a driverslicence doesn't state the nationality of the person holding the driverslicence and the status of this person, f.e. A person on a temporarly visum of one year in norway can get a driverslisence is valid for 10 years. If after one year the Visum expires this person could now travel on a norwegian driverslicence around europe without actually having a norwegian recidency/nationality.
As far as a bankcard, I have on from norway, No questions asked exept a copy of my passport when i opened the bankaccount, I don't even live in the country (cant see this on the card), Therefor only ID card's isued by the government will be accepted
As far as checks, On schiphol the dutch borderpolice on occation will random chack aircraft arriving from within the schengen area and send back anybody arriving without a propper ID. (if you can't fly back streight away you get to spend your waitingtime in the schiphol jail). Also the airline will receive a fine for this offence.
I don't thinkt flights from norway are checked as toroughly as flight from our lesser reliable schengen partners, but as said theu are random checks
So you're better off bringing your passport as long as norway doesn't have a proper (state issued and schengen approved) ID card.
But do stop by anyway and remember :smokin as long as you have the propper id smoking grass is legal in the netherlands:musikk